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Laparoscopic Radical Versus Partial Nephrectomy For Tumors >4cm: Intermediate-term Oncologic And Functional Outcomes
UroToday.com - Nephron-sparing surgery has become the well-accepted method for treating patients with localized tumor disease of the kidney. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has evolved such that it is considered equivalent to open partial nephrectomy for tumors 4 cm. They had 110 patients with Stage T1b-T3N0M0 renal cell carcinoma treated with LRN (N=75) or LPN (N=35). As expected the LRN group had larger tumors and more T3a tumors with clear cell pathologic features. The median follow up was 57 months in the LRN group and 44 months in the LPN group. There was no difference between the two treatment groups with regards to overall mortality, cancer-specific mortality, or recurrence rates. However, the LPN group had significantly less reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate compared to the LRN group. None of the LPN group patients developed second stage chronic kidney disease compared to 12% in the LRN group.

In Human-Dog Communication, Breed Is As Important As Species
Dog breeds selected to work in visual contact with humans, such as sheep dogs and gun dogs, are better able to comprehend a pointing gesture than those breeds that usually work without direct supervision. A series of tests, described in BioMed Central"s open access journal Behavioral and Brain Functions, should caution researchers against making simple generalizations about the effects of domestication and on dog-wolf differences in the utilization of human visual signals.
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Illicit Drug Use Mapped Using Wastewater
A team of researchers has mapped patterns of illicit drug use across the state of Oregon using a method of sampling municipal wastewater before it is treated.
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Dose Measurement During Prostate Cancer Treatment

A new PTB measuring system offers the possibility of measuring the absorbed dose in the direct environment of the irradiated tumour During radiation therapy, the physicians try to keep the dose in the tumour as high as possible to destroy as many cancer cells as possible. To avoid the damaging of healthy tissue, it is becoming more and more important to check the exact amount of the dose. For this purpose, the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) has developed a measuring system in the case of which the amino acid "alanine", whose radiation transport properties resemble those of human tissue, is used as indicator. When alanine is irradiated, free radicals are formed, whose concentration is measured with the aid of electron spin resonance (ESR). This allows the absorbed dose to be derived. First investigations on a phantom and also on patients have shown that the method is well functioning. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)


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